Ethical and Legal Issues in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethical and legitimate Issues in Nursing - Essay ExampleCardiac nursing is a nursing specialty that deals with longanimouss who develop from different cardiovascular system conditions such as congestive heart failure, cardiac dysrhythmia, coronary artery disease and cardiomyopathy among others. In the course of work, nurses argon subject to a number of honorable and good progenys. This is because their professional duties can be very challenging there are good and legal implications in nearly if not all aspects of their duties. It is in the light of this fact that ethical and legal frameworks have been dance orchestra up in order to provide moral and practical guidelines that influences nursing decisions. Ethical frameworks are found by the American Nurses Association principle of Nursing Ethics and to an extent by personal and social set thereby influencing ethical decisions by nurses. According to the American Nurses Association ANA (2011), the first provision of Code o f Ethics is that, all nurses in their professional relationships should practice respect and compassion for the inherent worth, individuals uniqueness, and dignity regardless of the personal attributes, nature of health problems, or socio-economic status of the individual. The first ethical issue that arises from this provision is the principle of patient autonomy. This principle assumes that a patient is in a position to actualize what a given intervention involves and therefore in a position to refuse or combine to it the American Heart Association AHA (2005). Unless they are declared incompetent by a court of fair play or they are incapacitated, adult patients are presumed to have the ability to make decisions. The patient must be in a position to decide and choose various alternatives available and should relate the decision to values stable framework. AHA advises that in an event that the preferences of the patients are uncertain, emergency conditions should be treated first until the clarification for the preferences are made. Additionally, ANA (2011) notes, the patients interests are primary. Therefore, it raises the ethical issue of advance directings, funding wills, and patient self- determination. An advance directive allows the patient to express his or her wishes and thoughts regarding his or her end- of- life care. They can be based on living wills, attorneys durable powers for health care, written directives or conversations. A living will relates to patients direction to physicians about the medical care to be approved if he or she becomes terminally ill hence unable to make decisions. It is important to note that advance directives and living wills should be considered periodically since the medical conditions and patients desires may change over time AHA (2005). Apart from the laid- down ethical frameworks, personal and societal values play a critical role in influencing ethical decision- reservation especially among the cardiac nurses. The fundamental values of nursing include prevention of suffering, equality among patients and human dignity. As such personal and societal values should be in tandem with this values failure of which may lead to nursing ethics being compromised. Therefore, personal values that are derived from education, field of expertise, personal attributes, and refinement should be geared towards adhering to nursing ethics. Personal values such as responsibility, intelligence, and honesty among others determine the ethical decisions by nurses. If these personal values

Classical Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Classical Argument - Essay ExampleAccording to Carey, the case Public Radio, states that college students borrow very huge loans to supplement their stay in college. However, the government is also operative very hard to ensure that the rates of borrowing loans for college students are low and the government does not flush whether the students have borrowed loans surpassing the one trillion dollars. The government is also intending to double these rates since rumor has it, in order to enable the stay of the students comfortable in college. Eventually, this means that not only will the appeal of college fees increases at the WVU university increase but also the amount the students will have to pay back in payment for loans are doubling. This arguments and matters may actually discourage former(a) students anticipating on joining college when especially they return about the increasing cost of Fees and increasing money to pay back as loans after college. Although it is a pleasure that the government gives enough loans to the students, it is an advantage to wise students since they can decide to invest. In this case, the loans will jockstrap them positively in a better way. On the other hand, it is a disadvantage for the students will get many debts with the government and consequently it may become a great burden to the students who just do not utilize these loans and thus unless they find jobs on time, it may become very hard to regress the loans. Consequently, several changes have occurred in college tuitions over the last several decades. Tuition at colleges in the on-line(prenominal) generations cannot have any likeness to the college tuitions in the ancient days. Following Feldmans, Myths and Realities about Rising College Tuition, discusses the changes statistically, historically, and in a way that is not biased. In the past days, college tuition fee used to be very low-priced and most people could afford it comfortably as compared to the curr ent days where the college tuition fee is very high for the peasants to afford. This increasing of the cost of the college tuition is due to many factors, which include, one, the rising economy. The increasing cost of carriage has greatly affected the college tuition fee this is because of the high prices for food and other household equipments and the increasing require of the people. This in turn causes the lot of straining to the parents or guardians providing and catering for the college students. On the other hand, in the olden days, very few students qualified to join colleges, and thus this became very convenient for the institutions to provide very low-cost accommodation, food and quality tuition at an affordable tuition fee. In addition, the cost of living had not yet risen to greater levels thus parents were very comfortable to pay the tuition fee. On the other hand, the government provided little loans to the students since the government also understood that the cost o f life was affordable in comparison to the current cost of life in the colleges. Life has generally become very demanding and expensive and thus the college students require more money. In the current days also, many students got admissions into colleges hence causing lot over-crowding into the institutions. The institutions require setting up more structures to accommodate the rising population of the institution

Multiple Regression Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Multiple Regression - Term Paper ExampleOftentimes, when a good runple is too simple that it scarcely contains one and only(a) self-governing variable, such a model is of limited note value because the predictions made from such models are too inaccurate to be useful in a real-world setting. Thus, when one wants to be able to predict an outcome at a more precise level, it is more advant ripenous to use the information that may be provided by two or more variables in an informative framework (Burt, Barber, & Rigby, 2009). Thus, two-fold reverse analysis should allow an analyst to arrive at better predictions. For example, a student may want to find out the perfect model to getting high grades in school. Using the results of his individual exams as the dependent variable, he may hypothesize that amount of time exhausted studying, amount of rest taken the night before the exam, amount of beer drank the night before the exam, caloric inhalation (or a fancy phrase for how heav y his meal was) prior to taking the exam, and even the presence of his flourishing rabbits foot are possible factors for scoring well in the exam. Using multiple retroflection analysis, the student may find out that amount of time spent studying, amount of sleep taken the night before the exam, and amount of beer drank the night before the exam are significant predictors of his exam scores. ... For example, oncologists may be interested in the outdo predictors of lung cancer, educators may want to know what are the best predictors of SAT scores, and psychologists would want to find out which factors best predict depression among a particular age group. These questions may all be answered with the help of multiple turnabout. 2.0 Computational approach The main goal of linear regression, in this case, multiple regression, is to be able to fit a regression line through a number of given points (Wang & Jain, 2003). This regression line is sometimes called the line of best fit and t his is the line that represents the regression model of a given problem. These points are usually best represented graphically in a scatter plot. While it is quite easy to produce a scatter plot when there is only one independent and one dependent variable, multiple regression presents the challenge of having more than one independent variable thus making the practice of making a scatterplot impractical (Dekking, 2005). 2.1 Least Squares In regression modeling, the basic estimation procedure used is the least squares method (Black, 2010). Since the main goal of linear regression is to fit a line through the points, least squares estimation is used to compute this line in such a way that the squared deviations of the observed points from this line are minimized (Wang & Jain, 2003). 2.2 The Regression comparison The bivariate form of simple linear regression produces a two-dimensional line in a two-dimensional space. This equation is defined by Y = a + bX, where Y is the dependent va riable organism forecasted by the regression model, X is the independent variable

Molecular Basis of Pernicious Anaemia Lab Report

Molecular priming of Pernicious Anaemia - Lab Report ExampleThis process is important because it is a requirement requisite for the maturation of red blood cells, putting forward a relation with the disease2. Parietal cells ar erect in the gastric glands where there major function is to produce hydrochloric acid that is involved in the first of all stages of digestion. For gastric acid secretion, the gastric H positive or the proton pump enzyme that consists of ninety five kDa alpha subunit and a sixty to ninety kDa alpha subunit3. Auto anti bodies contained in blood serum from diametric patients having pernicious anaemia react with either or both of the alpha and beta subunits of the gastric proton pumps. familiarity about this antibody response provides a useful diagnostic tool for the pernicious disease. Also, the most widely utilize method for analyzing protein mixtures is by jelly electrophoresis. The most commonly used type of gel is the SDS polyacrylamide. It essenti al to assoil that proteins are solubilized in sodium dodecyl-sulphate (SDS) , an anionic detergent that binds to the hydrophobic regions of proteins causing them to unfold hence getting an overall negative charge. Inclusive is a reducing agent that is included to disrupt any disulfide bonds that are within the bonds. Avery good example of a commonly used reducing agent is the 2-Beta mercaptoethanol. On electrophoresing the proteins through and through a polyacrylamide gel, the negatively charged proteins migrate towards the anode and separation done with regard to their size, with smaller proteins moving the furthest. It is contingent to perform an analysis of the size of proteins in the mixture if molecular weights of running proteins are known. This report tests antibody from the serum samples of divergent patients and the results to be used to identify if any of them reacts with gastric proton pump. The results acquired from the tests will hence provide a guide to finding a d iagnosis of pernicious anaemia. For accurate results it is important to use two different methods which will determine the presence of anti-proton pump antibodies in serum samples4. Method one (Practical three) Separate proteins extracted from crawl stomachs by SDS poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis, and transfer the proteins to a nitrocellulose membrane. Stain a section of a lift stomach with haemotoxylin and eosin so that it becomes familiar with the structure and cells types within the stomach. It is essential to realize that the cells in the nobble stomach are similar to those of a humans anti-proton pump antibodies. For this reason, they cross react with the tantamount(predicate) mouse proteins. Method two (practical 4) Perform Western Blotting on the gastric proteins using sera from patients who may or may not have pernicious anaemia. Western blotting has this procedure. First, an individual acquires the SDS-PAGE of mouse stomach proteins. These proteins are transferre d to nitrocellulose membrane by electrophoresis. The membrane is stained with Ponceau S so as to confirm protein transfer from gel to membrane. After that process, the membrane is de-stained and then stored in blocking buffer until next usage. Use H19 to incubate strips of membrane and then wash the membrane strips and incubate in blocking buffer. The membranes are incubated in secondary anti-bodies and in luminous detection buffer. Lastly, the markers are reassembled and test strips are visualized with Chemi -doc system5. Also, perform immune peroxidase staining of mouse stomach

Suggestions of Crisis Communication for the Chinese Government Literature review

Suggestions of Crisis Communication for the Chinese Government - Literature review ExampleIn short, a threat, surprise, unpredictability, short duration of response and inevitableness define crises. Among all crises, damages, reputation and image are of key concern to any leader and brass during the crisis and post crisis. Arnold (2008) argues that reputational damage is an emergent danger during any crisis. Chen (2008) cites image as a primaeval concept to the disciplines of human relations, fundamental to organizations (such as, government bodies, corporations, nonprofit groups and government institutions) as well as individuals. When a crisis erupts, the organizations image is damaged and its capacity to manage the crisis qualities are put to test (Becker 2011).Coombs (2012) argues that crisis charge is aimed at reducing or warding off financial and reputational risks by espousing the development of policies to help in the manipulation talk crises. A bank for crisis managemen t policies seeks to help reduce potential negative outcomes ascribed to emergent situations and, thereby, encourage institutions, stake holders and the indus evaluate from damage, According to Coombs (2012), an active crisis management platform originates from a universal range of crisis communication approaches comprising of a variety of activities from denial to accommodation. Defensive approaches assert that no disaster exists, or try to evade accountabilities for the crisis, through comprise, denial, excuses, justifications and attacks targeted at the accuser.